Struct Py

#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct Py<T>(NonNull<PyObject>, PhantomData<T>);

A GIL-independent reference to an object allocated on the Python heap.

This type does not auto-dereference to the inner object because you must prove you hold the GIL to access it. Instead, call one of its methods to access the inner object:

• Py::bind or Py::into_bound, to borrow a GIL-bound reference to the contained object.
• Py::borrow, Py::try_borrow, Py::borrow_mut, or Py::try_borrow_mut,

to get a (mutable) reference to a contained pyclass, using a scheme similar to std’s RefCell. See the guide entry for more information.

• You can call methods directly on Py with Py::call_bound, Py::call_method_bound and friends.

These require passing in the Python<'py> token but are otherwise similar to the corresponding methods on PyAny.

Example: Storing Python objects in #[pyclass] structs

Usually Bound<'py, T> is recommended for interacting with Python objects as its lifetime 'py is an association to the GIL and that enables many operations to be done as efficiently as possible.

However, #[pyclass] structs cannot carry a lifetime, so Py<T> is the only way to store a Python object in a #[pyclass] struct.

For example, this won’t compile:

#[pyclass]
struct Foo<'py> {
    inner: Bound<'py, PyDict>,
}

impl Foo {
    fn new() -> Foo {
        let foo = Python::with_gil(|py| {
            // `py` will only last for this scope.

            // `Bound<'py, PyDict>` inherits the GIL lifetime from `py` and
            // so won't be able to outlive this closure.
            let dict: Bound<'_, PyDict> = PyDict::new(py);

            // because `Foo` contains `dict` its lifetime
            // is now also tied to `py`.
            Foo { inner: dict }
        });
        // Foo is no longer valid.
        // Returning it from this function is a 💥 compiler error 💥
        foo
    }
}

Py<T> can be used to get around this by converting dict into a GIL-independent reference:

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::PyDict;

#[pyclass]
struct Foo {
    inner: Py<PyDict>,
}

#[pymethods]
impl Foo {
    #[new]
    fn __new__() -> Foo {
        Python::with_gil(|py| {
            let dict: Py<PyDict> = PyDict::new(py).unbind();
            Foo { inner: dict }
        })
    }
}

This can also be done with other pyclasses:

use pyo3::prelude::*;

#[pyclass]
struct Bar {/* ... */}

#[pyclass]
struct Foo {
    inner: Py<Bar>,
}

#[pymethods]
impl Foo {
    #[new]
    fn __new__() -> PyResult<Foo> {
        Python::with_gil(|py| {
            let bar: Py<Bar> = Py::new(py, Bar {})?;
            Ok(Foo { inner: bar })
        })
    }
}

Example: Shared ownership of Python objects

Py<T> can be used to share ownership of a Python object, similar to std’s Rc<T>. As with Rc<T>, cloning it increases its reference count rather than duplicating the underlying object.

This can be done using either Py::clone_ref or Py<T>’s Clone trait implementation. Py::clone_ref will be faster if you happen to be already holding the GIL.

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::PyDict;

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let first: Py<PyDict> = PyDict::new(py).unbind();

    // All of these are valid syntax
    let second = Py::clone_ref(&first, py);
    let third = first.clone_ref(py);
    #[cfg(feature = "py-clone")]
    let fourth = Py::clone(&first);
    #[cfg(feature = "py-clone")]
    let fifth = first.clone();

    // Disposing of our original `Py<PyDict>` just decrements the reference count.
    drop(first);

    // They all point to the same object
    assert!(second.is(&third));
    #[cfg(feature = "py-clone")]
    assert!(fourth.is(&fifth));
    #[cfg(feature = "py-clone")]
    assert!(second.is(&fourth));
});

Preventing reference cycles

It is easy to accidentally create reference cycles using Py<T>. The Python interpreter can break these reference cycles within pyclasses if they integrate with the garbage collector. If your pyclass contains other Python objects you should implement it to avoid leaking memory.

A note on Python reference counts

Dropping a Py<T> will eventually decrease Python’s reference count of the pointed-to variable, allowing Python’s garbage collector to free the associated memory, but this may not happen immediately. This is because a Py<T> can be dropped at any time, but the Python reference count can only be modified when the GIL is held.

If a Py<T> is dropped while its thread happens to be holding the GIL then the Python reference count will be decreased immediately. Otherwise, the reference count will be decreased the next time the GIL is reacquired.

If you happen to be already holding the GIL, Py::drop_ref will decrease the Python reference count immediately and will execute slightly faster than relying on implicit Drops.

A note on Send and Sync

Accessing this object is thread-safe, since any access to its API requires a Python<'py> token. As you can only get this by acquiring the GIL, Py<...> implements Send and Sync.

Tuple Fields

0: NonNull<PyObject>

1: PhantomData<T>

Implementations

impl<T> Py<T>

where T: PyClass,

pub fn new( py: Python<'_>, value: impl Into<PyClassInitializer<T>>, ) -> PyResult<Py<T>>

Creates a new instance Py<T> of a #[pyclass] on the Python heap.

Examples

use pyo3::prelude::*;

#[pyclass]
struct Foo {/* fields omitted */}

let foo = Python::with_gil(|py| -> PyResult<_> {
    let foo: Py<Foo> = Py::new(py, Foo {})?;
    Ok(foo)
})?;

impl<T> Py<T>

pub fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut PyObject

Returns the raw FFI pointer represented by self.

Safety

Callers are responsible for ensuring that the pointer does not outlive self.

The reference is borrowed; callers should not decrease the reference count when they are finished with the pointer.

pub fn into_ptr(self) -> *mut PyObject

Returns an owned raw FFI pointer represented by self.

Safety

The reference is owned; when finished the caller should either transfer ownership of the pointer or decrease the reference count (e.g. with pyo3::ffi::Py_DecRef).

pub fn as_any(&self) -> &Py<PyAny>

Helper to cast to Py<PyAny>.

pub fn into_any(self) -> Py<PyAny>

Helper to cast to Py<PyAny>, transferring ownership.

impl<T> Py<T>

where T: PyClass,

pub fn borrow<'py>(&'py self, py: Python<'py>) -> PyRef<'py, T>

Immutably borrows the value T.

This borrow lasts while the returned PyRef exists. Multiple immutable borrows can be taken out at the same time.

For frozen classes, the simpler get is available.

Equivalent to self.bind(py).borrow() - see Bound::borrow.

Examples

#[pyclass]
struct Foo {
    inner: u8,
}

Python::with_gil(|py| -> PyResult<()> {
    let foo: Py<Foo> = Py::new(py, Foo { inner: 73 })?;
    let inner: &u8 = &foo.borrow(py).inner;

    assert_eq!(*inner, 73);
    Ok(())
})?;

Panics

Panics if the value is currently mutably borrowed. For a non-panicking variant, use try_borrow.

pub fn borrow_mut<'py>(&'py self, py: Python<'py>) -> PyRefMut<'py, T>

where T: PyClass<Frozen = False>,

Mutably borrows the value T.

This borrow lasts while the returned PyRefMut exists.

Equivalent to self.bind(py).borrow_mut() - see Bound::borrow_mut.

Examples

#[pyclass]
struct Foo {
    inner: u8,
}

Python::with_gil(|py| -> PyResult<()> {
    let foo: Py<Foo> = Py::new(py, Foo { inner: 73 })?;
    foo.borrow_mut(py).inner = 35;

    assert_eq!(foo.borrow(py).inner, 35);
    Ok(())
})?;

Panics

Panics if the value is currently borrowed. For a non-panicking variant, use try_borrow_mut.

pub fn try_borrow<'py>( &'py self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> Result<PyRef<'py, T>, PyBorrowError>

Attempts to immutably borrow the value T, returning an error if the value is currently mutably borrowed.

The borrow lasts while the returned PyRef exists.

This is the non-panicking variant of borrow.

For frozen classes, the simpler get is available.

Equivalent to self.bind(py).try_borrow() - see Bound::try_borrow.

pub fn try_borrow_mut<'py>( &'py self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> Result<PyRefMut<'py, T>, PyBorrowMutError>

where T: PyClass<Frozen = False>,

Attempts to mutably borrow the value T, returning an error if the value is currently borrowed.

The borrow lasts while the returned PyRefMut exists.

This is the non-panicking variant of borrow_mut.

Equivalent to self.bind(py).try_borrow_mut() - see Bound::try_borrow_mut.

pub fn get(&self) -> &T

where T: PyClass<Frozen = True> + Sync,

Provide an immutable borrow of the value T without acquiring the GIL.

This is available if the class is frozen and Sync.

Examples

use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};

#[pyclass(frozen)]
struct FrozenCounter {
    value: AtomicUsize,
}

let cell  = Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let counter = FrozenCounter { value: AtomicUsize::new(0) };

    Py::new(py, counter).unwrap()
});

cell.get().value.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);

pub(crate) fn get_class_object(&self) -> &PyClassObject<T>

Get a view on the underlying PyClass contents.

impl<T> Py<T>

pub fn bind<'py>(&self, _py: Python<'py>) -> &Bound<'py, T>

Attaches this Py to the given Python context, allowing access to further Python APIs.

pub fn into_bound(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Bound<'_, T>

Same as bind but takes ownership of self.

pub fn bind_borrowed<'a, 'py>(&'a self, py: Python<'py>) -> Borrowed<'a, 'py, T>

Same as bind but produces a Borrowed<T> instead of a Bound<T>.

pub fn is<U: AsPyPointer>(&self, o: &U) -> bool

Returns whether self and other point to the same object. To compare the equality of two objects (the == operator), use eq.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self is other.

pub fn get_refcnt(&self, _py: Python<'_>) -> isize

Gets the reference count of the ffi::PyObject pointer.

pub fn clone_ref(&self, _py: Python<'_>) -> Py<T>

Makes a clone of self.

This creates another pointer to the same object, increasing its reference count.

You should prefer using this method over Clone if you happen to be holding the GIL already.

Examples

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::PyDict;

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let first: Py<PyDict> = PyDict::new(py).unbind();
    let second = Py::clone_ref(&first, py);

    // Both point to the same object
    assert!(first.is(&second));
});

pub fn drop_ref(self, py: Python<'_>)

Drops self and immediately decreases its reference count.

This method is a micro-optimisation over Drop if you happen to be holding the GIL already.

Note that if you are using Bound, you do not need to use Self::drop_ref since Bound guarantees that the GIL is held.

Examples

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::PyDict;

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let object: Py<PyDict> = PyDict::new(py).unbind();

    // some usage of object

    object.drop_ref(py);
});

pub fn is_none(&self, _py: Python<'_>) -> bool

Returns whether the object is considered to be None.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self is None.

pub fn is_truthy(&self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<bool>

Returns whether the object is considered to be true.

This applies truth value testing equivalent to the Python expression bool(self).

pub fn extract<'a, 'py, D>(&'a self, py: Python<'py>) -> PyResult<D>

where D: FromPyObjectBound<'a, 'py>, 'py: 'a,

Extracts some type from the Python object.

This is a wrapper function around FromPyObject::extract().

pub fn getattr<'py, N>( &self, py: Python<'py>, attr_name: N, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyString>,

Retrieves an attribute value.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self.attr_name.

If calling this method becomes performance-critical, the intern! macro can be used to intern attr_name, thereby avoiding repeated temporary allocations of Python strings.

Example: intern!ing the attribute name

#[pyfunction]
fn version(sys: Py<PyModule>, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<PyObject> {
    sys.getattr(py, intern!(py, "version"))
}

pub fn setattr<'py, N, V>( &self, py: Python<'py>, attr_name: N, value: V, ) -> PyResult<()>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyString>, V: IntoPyObject<'py>,

Sets an attribute value.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self.attr_name = value.

To avoid repeated temporary allocations of Python strings, the intern! macro can be used to intern attr_name.

Example: intern!ing the attribute name

#[pyfunction]
fn set_answer(ob: PyObject, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<()> {
    ob.setattr(py, intern!(py, "answer"), 42)
}

pub fn call<'py, A>( &self, py: Python<'py>, args: A, kwargs: Option<&Bound<'py, PyDict>>, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where A: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyTuple>,

Calls the object.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self(*args, **kwargs).

pub fn call_bound( &self, py: Python<'_>, args: impl IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>>, kwargs: Option<&Bound<'_, PyDict>>, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: renamed to Py::call

Deprecated name for Py::call.

pub fn call1<'py, N>(&self, py: Python<'py>, args: N) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyTuple>,

Calls the object with only positional arguments.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self(*args).

pub fn call0(&self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<PyObject>

Calls the object without arguments.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self().

pub fn call_method<'py, N, A>( &self, py: Python<'py>, name: N, args: A, kwargs: Option<&Bound<'py, PyDict>>, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyString>, A: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyTuple>,

Calls a method on the object.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self.name(*args, **kwargs).

To avoid repeated temporary allocations of Python strings, the intern! macro can be used to intern name.

pub fn call_method_bound<N, A>( &self, py: Python<'_>, name: N, args: A, kwargs: Option<&Bound<'_, PyDict>>, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPy<Py<PyString>>, A: IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>>,

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: renamed to Py::call_method

Deprecated name for Py::call_method.

pub fn call_method1<'py, N, A>( &self, py: Python<'py>, name: N, args: A, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyString>, A: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyTuple>,

Calls a method on the object with only positional arguments.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self.name(*args).

To avoid repeated temporary allocations of Python strings, the intern! macro can be used to intern name.

pub fn call_method0<'py, N>( &self, py: Python<'py>, name: N, ) -> PyResult<PyObject>

where N: IntoPyObject<'py, Target = PyString>,

Calls a method on the object with no arguments.

This is equivalent to the Python expression self.name().

To avoid repeated temporary allocations of Python strings, the intern! macro can be used to intern name.

pub unsafe fn from_owned_ptr(py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject) -> Py<T>

Create a Py<T> instance by taking ownership of the given FFI pointer.

Safety

ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

Callers must own the object referred to by ptr, as this function implicitly takes ownership of that object.

Panics

Panics if ptr is null.

pub unsafe fn from_owned_ptr_or_err( py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject, ) -> PyResult<Py<T>>

Create a Py<T> instance by taking ownership of the given FFI pointer.

If ptr is null then the current Python exception is fetched as a PyErr.

Safety

If non-null, ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

pub unsafe fn from_owned_ptr_or_opt( _py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject, ) -> Option<Self>

Create a Py<T> instance by taking ownership of the given FFI pointer.

If ptr is null then None is returned.

Safety

If non-null, ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

pub(crate) unsafe fn from_owned_ptr_unchecked(ptr: *mut PyObject) -> Self

Constructs a new Py<T> instance by taking ownership of the given FFI pointer.

Safety

• ptr must be a non-null pointer to a Python object or type T.

pub unsafe fn from_borrowed_ptr(py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject) -> Py<T>

Create a Py<T> instance by creating a new reference from the given FFI pointer.

Safety

ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

Panics

Panics if ptr is null.

pub unsafe fn from_borrowed_ptr_or_err( py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject, ) -> PyResult<Self>

Create a Py<T> instance by creating a new reference from the given FFI pointer.

If ptr is null then the current Python exception is fetched as a PyErr.

Safety

ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

pub unsafe fn from_borrowed_ptr_or_opt( _py: Python<'_>, ptr: *mut PyObject, ) -> Option<Self>

Create a Py<T> instance by creating a new reference from the given FFI pointer.

If ptr is null then None is returned.

Safety

ptr must be a pointer to a Python object of type T.

unsafe fn from_non_null(ptr: NonNull<PyObject>) -> Self

For internal conversions.

Safety

ptr must point to a Python object of type T.

impl Py<PyAny>

pub fn downcast_bound<'py, T>( &self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> Result<&Bound<'py, T>, DowncastError<'_, 'py>>

where T: PyTypeCheck,

Downcast this PyObject to a concrete Python type or pyclass.

Note that you can often avoid downcasting yourself by just specifying the desired type in function or method signatures. However, manual downcasting is sometimes necessary.

For extracting a Rust-only type, see Py::extract.

Example: Downcasting to a specific Python object

use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyList};

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let any: PyObject = PyDict::new(py).into();

    assert!(any.downcast_bound::<PyDict>(py).is_ok());
    assert!(any.downcast_bound::<PyList>(py).is_err());
});

Example: Getting a reference to a pyclass

This is useful if you want to mutate a PyObject that might actually be a pyclass.

use pyo3::prelude::*;

#[pyclass]
struct Class {
    i: i32,
}

Python::with_gil(|py| {
    let class: PyObject = Py::new(py, Class { i: 0 })?.into_any();

    let class_bound = class.downcast_bound::<Class>(py)?;

    class_bound.borrow_mut().i += 1;

    // Alternatively you can get a `PyRefMut` directly
    let class_ref: PyRefMut<'_, Class> = class.extract(py)?;
    assert_eq!(class_ref.i, 1);
    Ok(())
})

pub unsafe fn downcast_bound_unchecked<'py, T>( &self, py: Python<'py>, ) -> &Bound<'py, T>

Casts the PyObject to a concrete Python object type without checking validity.

Safety

Callers must ensure that the type is valid or risk type confusion.

impl Py<PyBytes>

pub fn as_bytes<'a>(&'a self, py: Python<'_>) -> &'a [u8]

Gets the Python bytes as a byte slice. Because Python bytes are immutable, the result may be used for as long as the reference to self is held, including when the GIL is released.

impl Py<PyString>

pub fn to_str<'a>(&'a self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<&'a str>

Available on Py_3_10 or non-Py_LIMITED_API only.

Gets the Python string as a Rust UTF-8 string slice.

Returns a UnicodeEncodeError if the input is not valid unicode (containing unpaired surrogates).

Because str objects are immutable, the returned slice is independent of the GIL lifetime.

pub fn to_cow<'a>(&'a self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyResult<Cow<'a, str>>

Converts the PyString into a Rust string, avoiding copying when possible.

Returns a UnicodeEncodeError if the input is not valid unicode (containing unpaired surrogates).

Because str objects are immutable, the returned slice is independent of the GIL lifetime.

pub fn to_string_lossy<'a>(&'a self, py: Python<'_>) -> Cow<'a, str>

Converts the PyString into a Rust string.

Unpaired surrogates invalid UTF-8 sequences are replaced with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.

Because str objects are immutable, the returned slice is independent of the GIL lifetime.

Trait Implementations

impl<T> AsPyPointer for Py<T>

fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut PyObject

Gets the underlying FFI pointer, returns a borrowed pointer.

impl<T> Clone for Py<T>

Available on crate feature py-clone only.

If the GIL is held this increments self’s reference count. Otherwise, it will panic.

Only available if the py-clone feature is enabled.

fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl<T> Debug for Py<T>

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<'de, T> Deserialize<'de> for Py<T>

where T: PyClass<BaseType = PyAny> + Deserialize<'de>,

Available on crate feature serde only.

fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Py<T>, D::Error>

where D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer.

#[doc(hidden)] fn deserialize_in_place<D>( deserializer: D, place: &mut Self, ) -> Result<(), <D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>

where D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserializes a value into self from the given Deserializer.

impl<T> Display for Py<T>

where T: PyTypeInfo,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<T> Drop for Py<T>

Dropping a Py instance decrements the reference count on the object by one if the GIL is held.

Otherwise and by default, this registers the underlying pointer to have its reference count decremented the next time PyO3 acquires the GIL.

However, if the pyo3_disable_reference_pool conditional compilation flag is enabled, it will abort the process.

fn drop(&mut self)

Executes the destructor for this type.

impl<T> From<Bound<'_, T>> for Py<T>

fn from(other: Bound<'_, T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> From<BoundRef<'_, '_, T>> for Py<T>

fn from(bound: BoundRef<'_, '_, T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> From<Py<T>> for PyObject

where T: DerefToPyAny,

fn from(other: Py<T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T: PyClass> From<Py<T>> for PyClassInitializer<T>

fn from(value: Py<T>) -> PyClassInitializer<T>

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<'a, T> From<PyRef<'a, T>> for Py<T>

where T: PyClass,

fn from(pyref: PyRef<'a, T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<'a, T> From<PyRefMut<'a, T>> for Py<T>

where T: PyClass<Frozen = False>,

fn from(pyref: PyRefMut<'a, T>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> FromPyObject<'_> for Py<T>

where T: PyTypeCheck,

fn extract_bound(ob: &Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self>

Extracts Self from the source PyObject.

fn type_input() -> TypeInfo

Available on crate feature experimental-inspect only.

Extracts the type hint information for this type when it appears as an argument.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &[u8]

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &Bound<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Converts &Bound instance -> PyObject, increasing the reference count.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &OsStr

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &OsString

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &Path

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &PathBuf

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &Py<T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &PyErr

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T: PyClass> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &PyRef<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T: PyClass<Frozen = False>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &PyRefMut<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &String

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for &str

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T, const N: usize> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for [T; N]

where T: IntoPy<PyObject>,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for ()

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0,)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>, T10: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>, T10: IntoPy<PyObject>, T11: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, V> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for BTreeMap<K, V>

where K: Eq + IntoPy<PyObject>, V: IntoPy<PyObject>,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for BTreeSet<K>

where K: IntoPy<PyObject> + Ord,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for BigInt

Available on crate feature num-bigint only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for BigUint

Available on crate feature num-bigint only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Borrowed<'_, '_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Converts Py instance -> PyObject.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Bound<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, _py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Converts a Bound instance to PyObject.

impl<T: Copy + IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Cell<T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Complex<f32>

Available on crate feature num-complex only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Complex<f64>

Available on crate feature num-complex only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Coroutine

Available on crate feature experimental-async only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Cow<'_, [u8]>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyAny>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Cow<'_, OsStr>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Cow<'_, Path>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Cow<'_, str>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<Tz: TimeZone> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for DateTime<Tz>

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Decimal

Available on crate feature rust_decimal only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Duration

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<L, R> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Either<L, R>

where L: IntoPy<PyObject>, R: IntoPy<PyObject>,

Available on crate feature either only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for FixedOffset

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, V, H> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for HashMap<K, V, H>

where K: Hash + Eq + IntoPy<PyObject>, V: IntoPy<PyObject>, H: BuildHasher,

Available on crate feature hashbrown only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, V, H> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for HashMap<K, V, H>

where K: Hash + Eq + IntoPy<PyObject>, V: IntoPy<PyObject>, H: BuildHasher,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, S> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for HashSet<K, S>

where K: IntoPy<PyObject> + Eq + Hash, S: BuildHasher + Default,

Available on crate feature hashbrown only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, S> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for HashSet<K, S>

where K: IntoPy<PyObject> + Eq + Hash, S: BuildHasher + Default,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<K, V, H> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for IndexMap<K, V, H>

where K: Hash + Eq + IntoPy<PyObject>, V: IntoPy<PyObject>, H: BuildHasher,

Available on crate feature indexmap only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for IpAddr

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NaiveDate

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NaiveDateTime

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NaiveTime

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroI128

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroI16

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroI32

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroI64

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroI8

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroIsize

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroU128

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroU16

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroU32

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroU64

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroU8

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for NonZeroUsize

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Option<T>

where T: IntoPy<PyObject>,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for OsString

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PathBuf

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Py<T>

fn into_py(self, _py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Converts a Py instance to PyObject. Consumes self without calling Py_DECREF().

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PyBackedBytes

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyAny>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PyBackedStr

fn into_py(self, _py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyAny>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PyErr

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T: PyClass> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PyRef<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T: PyClass<Frozen = False>> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for PyRefMut<'_, T>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<BigInt>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<i16>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<i32>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<i64>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<i8>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Ratio<isize>

Available on crate feature num-rational only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<A> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for SmallVec<A>

where A: Array, A::Item: IntoPy<PyObject>,

Available on crate feature smallvec only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for String

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for SystemTime

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Duration

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Utc

Available on crate feature chrono only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T> IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for Vec<T>

where T: IntoPy<PyObject>,

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for bool

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for char

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for f32

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for f64

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for i128

Available on non-Py_LIMITED_API and non-GraalPy only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for i16

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for i32

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for i64

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for i8

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for isize

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for u128

Available on non-Py_LIMITED_API and non-GraalPy only.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for u16

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for u32

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for u64

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for u8

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyAny>> for usize

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyString>> for &Bound<'_, PyString>

fn into_py(self, _py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyString>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyString>> for &Py<PyString>

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyString>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyString>> for &str

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyString>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyString>> for Bound<'_, PyString>

fn into_py(self, _py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyString>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for &Bound<'_, PyTuple>

fn into_py(self, _: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for ()

Converts () to an empty Python tuple.

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0,)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>, T10: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<T0: IntoPy<PyObject>, T1: IntoPy<PyObject>, T2: IntoPy<PyObject>, T3: IntoPy<PyObject>, T4: IntoPy<PyObject>, T5: IntoPy<PyObject>, T6: IntoPy<PyObject>, T7: IntoPy<PyObject>, T8: IntoPy<PyObject>, T9: IntoPy<PyObject>, T10: IntoPy<PyObject>, T11: IntoPy<PyObject>> IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11)

fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl IntoPy<Py<PyTuple>> for Bound<'_, PyTuple>

fn into_py(self, _: Python<'_>) -> Py<PyTuple>

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: IntoPy is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Performs the conversion.

impl<'a, 'py, T> IntoPyObject<'py> for &'a Py<T>

type Target = T

The Python output type

type Output = Borrowed<'a, 'py, <&'a Py<T> as IntoPyObject<'py>>::Target>

The smart pointer type to use.

type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>

Performs the conversion.

fn type_output() -> TypeInfo

Available on crate feature experimental-inspect only.

Extracts the type hint information for this type when it appears as a return value.

#[doc(hidden)] fn owned_sequence_into_pyobject<I>( iter: I, py: Python<'py>, _: Token, ) -> Result<Bound<'py, PyAny>, PyErr>

where I: IntoIterator<Item = Self> + AsRef<[Self]>, I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator<Item = Self>,

Converts sequence of Self into a Python object. Used to specialize Vec<u8>, [u8; N] and SmallVec<[u8; N]> as a sequence of bytes into a bytes object.

#[doc(hidden)] fn borrowed_sequence_into_pyobject<I>( iter: I, py: Python<'py>, _: Token, ) -> Result<Bound<'py, PyAny>, PyErr>

where Self: Reference, I: IntoIterator<Item = Self> + AsRef<[<Self as Reference>::BaseType]>, I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator<Item = Self>,

Converts sequence of Self into a Python object. Used to specialize &[u8] and Cow<[u8]> as a sequence of bytes into a bytes object.

impl<'py, T> IntoPyObject<'py> for Py<T>

type Target = T

The Python output type

type Output = Bound<'py, <Py<T> as IntoPyObject<'py>>::Target>

The smart pointer type to use.

type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>

Performs the conversion.

fn type_output() -> TypeInfo

Available on crate feature experimental-inspect only.

Extracts the type hint information for this type when it appears as a return value.

#[doc(hidden)] fn owned_sequence_into_pyobject<I>( iter: I, py: Python<'py>, _: Token, ) -> Result<Bound<'py, PyAny>, PyErr>

where I: IntoIterator<Item = Self> + AsRef<[Self]>, I::IntoIter: ExactSizeIterator<Item = Self>,

Converts sequence of Self into a Python object. Used to specialize Vec<u8>, [u8; N] and SmallVec<[u8; N]> as a sequence of bytes into a bytes object.

impl<'py> PyCallArgs<'py> for Py<PyTuple>

fn call( self, function: Borrowed<'_, 'py, PyAny>, kwargs: Borrowed<'_, '_, PyDict>, _: Token, ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyAny>>

fn call_positional( self, function: Borrowed<'_, 'py, PyAny>, _: Token, ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyAny>>

#[doc(hidden)] fn call_method_positional( self, object: Borrowed<'_, 'py, PyAny>, method_name: Borrowed<'_, 'py, PyString>, _: Token, ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyAny>>

impl<T> Serialize for Py<T>

where T: Serialize + PyClass,

Available on crate feature serde only.

fn serialize<S>( &self, serializer: S, ) -> Result<<S as Serializer>::Ok, <S as Serializer>::Error>

where S: Serializer,

Serialize this value into the given Serde serializer.

impl<T> ToPyObject for Py<T>

fn to_object(&self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject

👎Deprecated since 0.23.0: ToPyObject is going to be replaced by IntoPyObject. See the migration guide (https://pyo3.rs/v0.23.0/migration) for more information.

Converts Py instance -> PyObject.

impl Sealed for Py<PyTuple>

impl<T> Send for Py<T>

impl<T> Sync for Py<T>